For the foreseeable future, each year will exceed the previous in average temperature. Hotter, longer summers are terrible for agriculture whether they are combined with unusually heavy or unusually scarce rains. Extreme-weather events already occur all year round, and extreme-heat days are set to occupy most of the Indian summer. The writing is on the wall: farming in India must adapt to protect its farmers and its people against the rapidly degrading environment. For the country with the largest domestic demand for food, India is far behind the curve.